What this is
(revenue - administrative expenses) / administrative expenses = (4378222 - 4284043) / 4284043; before FX and interest
Where it comes from
Our calculation from other figures in the trainer’s notes.
Show the working
- (revenue - administrative expenses) / administrative expenses = (4378222 - 4284043) / 4284043
- before FX and interest
Related figures
The same measure, other periods